diff --git a/app/build.gradle.kts b/app/build.gradle.kts
index 4c7bb45..f94fa76 100644
--- a/app/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/app/build.gradle.kts
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ android {
         applicationId = "org.soulstone.overwatch"
         minSdk = 26
         targetSdk = 35
-        versionCode = 6
-        versionName = "0.1.5"
+        versionCode = 7
+        versionName = "0.1.6"
     }
 
     buildTypes {
diff --git a/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml b/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
index fc97338..e1cd96a 100644
--- a/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_LOCATION" />
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
 
+    <!-- Vibration on threat-tier escalation -->
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
+
     <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" android:required="true" />
 
     <application
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/MainActivity.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/MainActivity.kt
index cad6f42..8acf20b 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/MainActivity.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/MainActivity.kt
@@ -1,17 +1,22 @@
 package org.soulstone.overwatch
 
 import android.Manifest
+import android.app.Activity
+import android.content.Intent
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager
+import android.net.Uri
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Bundle
+import android.provider.Settings as AndroidSettings
 import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
 import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
 import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
 import androidx.compose.runtime.collectAsState
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
-import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.saveable.rememberSaveable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.data.settings.Settings
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.service.DetectionService
@@ -44,6 +49,7 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
     ) { result ->
         val allGranted = result.all { it.value }
         permissionsGranted.value = allGranted
+        permanentlyDenied.value = !allGranted && !anyMissingCanStillAsk()
         if (allGranted) {
             // First-run path: user just granted everything, kick off scanning
             // immediately so they don't have to tap START a second time.
@@ -51,17 +57,22 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
         }
     }
 
-    private val permissionsGranted = androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf(false)
+    private val permissionsGranted = mutableStateOf(false)
+    /** True when at least one required permission is denied AND the system says
+     *  we can no longer prompt for it (user picked "don't ask again"). The UI
+     *  swaps the START button's call-to-action for an "Open app settings" link. */
+    private val permanentlyDenied = mutableStateOf(false)
 
     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
         permissionsGranted.value = checkAllPermissions()
+        permanentlyDenied.value = false  // reset on activity create
         val settings = Settings.get(this)
 
         setContent {
             val themeMode by settings.themeMode.collectAsState()
             OverwatchTheme(mode = themeMode) {
-                var screen by remember { mutableStateOf(Screen.MAIN) }
+                var screen by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(Screen.MAIN) }
 
                 when (screen) {
                     Screen.MAIN -> {
@@ -70,6 +81,13 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
                         val threat by DetectionService.store.threatLevel.collectAsState()
                         val maxScore by DetectionService.store.maxScore.collectAsState()
                         val granted by permissionsGranted
+                        val denied by permanentlyDenied
+
+                        val message = when {
+                            granted -> null
+                            denied -> "Permissions permanently denied — open app settings to grant"
+                            else -> "Tap START to grant Bluetooth, WiFi + location permissions"
+                        }
 
                         MainScreen(
                             running = running,
@@ -77,13 +95,17 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
                             score = maxScore,
                             events = events,
                             canStart = true,
-                            permissionMessage = if (!granted) "Tap START to grant Bluetooth, WiFi + location permissions" else null,
+                            permissionMessage = message,
+                            showOpenAppSettings = denied && !granted,
+                            onOpenAppSettings = { openAppSettings() },
                             onStartStop = {
                                 if (running) {
                                     DetectionService.stop(this)
                                 } else {
                                     if (granted) {
                                         DetectionService.start(this)
+                                    } else if (denied) {
+                                        openAppSettings()
                                     } else {
                                         permissionLauncher.launch(requiredPermissions)
                                     }
@@ -111,7 +133,10 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
 
     override fun onResume() {
         super.onResume()
-        permissionsGranted.value = checkAllPermissions()
+        // User may have granted permissions in app settings while we were paused.
+        val nowGranted = checkAllPermissions()
+        permissionsGranted.value = nowGranted
+        if (nowGranted) permanentlyDenied.value = false
     }
 
     private fun checkAllPermissions(): Boolean =
@@ -119,5 +144,23 @@ class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
             ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, it) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
         }
 
+    /** True if at least one missing permission is still askable via the system
+     *  prompt. False means everything missing was denied with "don't ask again". */
+    private fun anyMissingCanStillAsk(): Boolean {
+        val missing = requiredPermissions.filter {
+            ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, it) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
+        }
+        if (missing.isEmpty()) return true
+        return missing.any { ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, it) }
+    }
+
+    private fun openAppSettings() {
+        val intent = Intent(
+            AndroidSettings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS,
+            Uri.fromParts("package", packageName, null)
+        ).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
+        startActivity(intent)
+    }
+
     private enum class Screen { MAIN, SETTINGS }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/location/LocationProvider.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/location/LocationProvider.kt
index 72d25ff..f81853b 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/location/LocationProvider.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/location/LocationProvider.kt
@@ -49,12 +49,13 @@ class LocationProvider(private val context: Context) {
 
     private val callback = object : LocationCallback() {
         override fun onLocationResult(result: LocationResult) {
+            if (!running) return
             val fix = result.lastLocation ?: return
             _location.value = fix
         }
     }
 
-    private var running = false
+    @Volatile private var running = false
 
     fun hasPermission(): Boolean =
         ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) ==
@@ -68,12 +69,22 @@ class LocationProvider(private val context: Context) {
             return false
         }
         try {
-            client.requestLocationUpdates(request, callback, Looper.getMainLooper())
-            client.lastLocation.addOnSuccessListener { last -> if (last != null) _location.value = last }
             running = true
+            client.requestLocationUpdates(request, callback, Looper.getMainLooper())
+            // Seed with the cached lastLocation only if (a) we haven't already
+            // received a fresh fix from requestLocationUpdates and (b) we're
+            // still running by the time the listener fires. Otherwise the
+            // listener can race and either overwrite a fresh fix with a stale
+            // one or fire after stop().
+            client.lastLocation.addOnSuccessListener { last ->
+                if (running && last != null && _location.value == null) {
+                    _location.value = last
+                }
+            }
             Log.i(TAG, "Location updates started")
             return true
         } catch (e: SecurityException) {
+            running = false
             Log.e(TAG, "SecurityException starting location updates", e)
             return false
         }
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/settings/Settings.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/settings/Settings.kt
index 6083f43..a5dad79 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/settings/Settings.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/data/settings/Settings.kt
@@ -47,6 +47,9 @@ class Settings private constructor(private val prefs: SharedPreferences) {
     )
     val themeMode: StateFlow<ThemeMode> = _themeMode.asStateFlow()
 
+    private val _vibrateOnAlert = MutableStateFlow(prefs.getBoolean(KEY_VIBRATE, true))
+    val vibrateOnAlert: StateFlow<Boolean> = _vibrateOnAlert.asStateFlow()
+
     fun setBleEnabled(v: Boolean) { prefs.edit { putBoolean(KEY_BLE, v) }; _bleEnabled.value = v }
     fun setWifiEnabled(v: Boolean) { prefs.edit { putBoolean(KEY_WIFI, v) }; _wifiEnabled.value = v }
     fun setDeflockEnabled(v: Boolean) { prefs.edit { putBoolean(KEY_DEFLOCK, v) }; _deflockEnabled.value = v }
@@ -69,6 +72,11 @@ class Settings private constructor(private val prefs: SharedPreferences) {
         _themeMode.value = mode
     }
 
+    fun setVibrateOnAlert(v: Boolean) {
+        prefs.edit { putBoolean(KEY_VIBRATE, v) }
+        _vibrateOnAlert.value = v
+    }
+
     companion object {
         private const val PREFS = "overwatch_settings"
         private const val KEY_BLE = "src_ble"
@@ -78,6 +86,7 @@ class Settings private constructor(private val prefs: SharedPreferences) {
         private const val KEY_DEFLOCK_PROX = "deflock_proximity_m"
         private const val KEY_CITIZEN_PROX = "citizen_proximity_m"
         private const val KEY_THEME = "theme_mode"
+        private const val KEY_VIBRATE = "vibrate_on_alert"
 
         const val DEFAULT_DEFLOCK_PROX = 200
         const val DEFAULT_CITIZEN_PROX = 500
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/fusion/DetectionEvent.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/fusion/DetectionEvent.kt
index bc905e5..a64dec9 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/fusion/DetectionEvent.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/fusion/DetectionEvent.kt
@@ -4,11 +4,12 @@ package org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion
  * One observation from one source at one moment.
  *
  * @param source which scanner produced this
- * @param key stable per-device identifier (MAC for BLE/WiFi, OSM id for DeFlock, uuid for Waze)
+ * @param key stable per-device identifier (MAC for BLE/WiFi, OSM id for DeFlock, uuid for Citizen)
  * @param label short human-readable description shown in the drill-down ("Axon body cam", "FS-1A2B")
  * @param score 0-100 confidence assigned by the engine
  * @param matchedMethods space-separated short tags for what triggered ("axon_oui mfg_0x09C8 tn_serial")
- * @param rssi signal strength if applicable (BLE/WiFi); null for map/Waze sources
+ * @param rssi signal strength if applicable (BLE/WiFi); null for map/Citizen sources
+ * @param lat / lon real-world coordinates for events that have them (DEFLOCK, CITIZEN); null for radio-only sources
  * @param timestampMs wall-clock millis when this event was produced
  */
 data class DetectionEvent(
@@ -18,7 +19,10 @@ data class DetectionEvent(
     val score: Int,
     val matchedMethods: String,
     val rssi: Int? = null,
+    val lat: Double? = null,
+    val lon: Double? = null,
     val timestampMs: Long = System.currentTimeMillis()
 ) {
     val level: ThreatLevel get() = ThreatLevel.fromScore(score)
+    val hasGeo: Boolean get() = lat != null && lon != null
 }
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/BleScanner.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/BleScanner.kt
index 5a02b6d..dc59a48 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/BleScanner.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/BleScanner.kt
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionEvent
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionSource
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionStore
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.RssiTracker
+import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.SourceHealth
 
 /**
  * BLE scanner — ported from AxonCadabra (scan side only; no advertise/fuzz).
@@ -79,18 +80,30 @@ class BleScanner(
         if (running) return true
         if (!hasScanPermission()) {
             Log.w(TAG, "BLE scan permission missing")
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.BLE, ok = false, message = "Permission missing")
+            return false
+        }
+        val adapter = bluetoothAdapter ?: run {
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.BLE, ok = false, message = "BLE not supported")
+            return false
+        }
+        if (!adapter.isEnabled) {
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.BLE, ok = false, message = "Bluetooth disabled")
+            return false
+        }
+        leScanner = adapter.bluetoothLeScanner ?: run {
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.BLE, ok = false, message = "BLE scanner unavailable")
             return false
         }
-        val adapter = bluetoothAdapter ?: return false
-        if (!adapter.isEnabled) return false
-        leScanner = adapter.bluetoothLeScanner ?: return false
         try {
             leScanner?.startScan(null, scanSettings, scanCallback)
             running = true
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.BLE, ok = true)
             Log.i(TAG, "BLE scan started")
             return true
         } catch (e: SecurityException) {
             Log.e(TAG, "SecurityException starting scan", e)
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.BLE, ok = false, message = "Permission revoked")
             return false
         }
     }
@@ -120,6 +133,11 @@ class BleScanner(
         override fun onScanFailed(errorCode: Int) {
             Log.e(TAG, "BLE scan failed: $errorCode")
             running = false
+            SourceHealth.record(
+                DetectionSource.BLE,
+                ok = false,
+                message = "BLE scan failed (code $errorCode)"
+            )
         }
     }
 
@@ -132,11 +150,23 @@ class BleScanner(
 
         val advertisedUuids = record?.serviceUuids?.map { it.uuid }
         val mfgSpecific = record?.manufacturerSpecificData
+        // Iterate ALL manufacturer-data entries; some devices advertise multiple
+        // and XUNTONG might not be the first one. Prefer the XUNTONG match if
+        // present, otherwise fall back to the first entry so we still surface
+        // *some* mfg signal in the observation.
         var companyId: Int? = null
         var payload: ByteArray? = null
         if (mfgSpecific != null && mfgSpecific.size() > 0) {
-            companyId = mfgSpecific.keyAt(0)
-            payload = mfgSpecific.valueAt(0)
+            for (i in 0 until mfgSpecific.size()) {
+                val cid = mfgSpecific.keyAt(i)
+                val data = mfgSpecific.valueAt(i)
+                if (cid == org.soulstone.overwatch.data.targets.Manufacturers.XUNTONG_COMPANY_ID) {
+                    companyId = cid
+                    payload = data
+                    break
+                }
+                if (companyId == null) { companyId = cid; payload = data }
+            }
         }
 
         // Cheap pre-filter — drop devices that have zero target signals.
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenClient.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenClient.kt
index 7c26ec9..660702d 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenClient.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenClient.kt
@@ -64,7 +64,10 @@ class CitizenClient {
                     val arr = JSONObject(raw.body).optJSONArray("results")
                         ?: return@withContext TrendingResult.Success(emptyList())
                     val out = ArrayList<String>(arr.length())
-                    for (i in 0 until arr.length()) arr.optString(i)?.takeIf { it.isNotBlank() }?.let(out::add)
+                    for (i in 0 until arr.length()) {
+                        val id = arr.optString(i)
+                        if (id.isNotBlank()) out.add(id)
+                    }
                     TrendingResult.Success(out)
                 } catch (e: Exception) {
                     TrendingResult.Failed("parse: ${e.message}")
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenScanner.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenScanner.kt
index 71b7578..6dd3440 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenScanner.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/CitizenScanner.kt
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import android.util.Log
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
 import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.first
 import kotlinx.coroutines.isActive
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.data.location.LocationProvider
@@ -57,6 +58,9 @@ class CitizenScanner(
     fun start(scope: CoroutineScope): Boolean {
         if (job != null) return true
         job = scope.launch {
+            // Wait for the first non-null location fix so the first poll fires
+            // immediately when location arrives, instead of after a 60 s delay.
+            locationProvider.location.first { it != null }
             while (isActive) {
                 val fix = locationProvider.location.value
                 if (fix != null) pollOnce(fix)
@@ -137,7 +141,9 @@ class CitizenScanner(
                     label = scored.label,
                     score = scored.score,
                     matchedMethods = scored.methods,
-                    rssi = null
+                    rssi = null,
+                    lat = incident.lat,
+                    lon = incident.lon
                 )
             )
         }
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockClient.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockClient.kt
index f19615a..04221c3 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockClient.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockClient.kt
@@ -128,7 +128,15 @@ class DeflockClient(context: Context) {
             val code = conn.responseCode
             if (code in 200..299) {
                 val body = conn.inputStream.bufferedReader().use { it.readText() }
-                body to null
+                // Overpass returns HTTP 200 with `{"remark": "runtime error: Query timed out..."}`
+                // when the query exceeded server-side limits. Body has elements:[]; treat as
+                // failure so we don't poison the 24h cache with empty results.
+                if (looksLikeOverpassTimeout(body)) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "$endpoint returned 200 with timeout/runtime-limit remark")
+                    null to "Overpass timeout"
+                } else {
+                    body to null
+                }
             } else {
                 Log.w(TAG, "$endpoint returned $code")
                 null to "HTTP $code"
@@ -141,6 +149,16 @@ class DeflockClient(context: Context) {
         }
     }
 
+    private fun looksLikeOverpassTimeout(body: String): Boolean {
+        if (!body.contains("remark", ignoreCase = true)) return false
+        val lower = body.lowercase()
+        return lower.contains("timed out") ||
+            lower.contains("timeout") ||
+            lower.contains("runtime error") ||
+            lower.contains("runtime limit exceeded") ||
+            lower.contains("rate_limited")
+    }
+
     private fun parseSafely(json: String): List<AlprPoint> {
         if (json.isBlank()) return emptyList()
         return try {
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockScanner.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockScanner.kt
index ffd167b..e09b731 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockScanner.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/DeflockScanner.kt
@@ -32,11 +32,15 @@ class DeflockScanner(
     companion object {
         private const val TAG = "DeflockScanner"
         private const val REFETCH_THRESHOLD_M = 1500f
+        /** Don't retry an Overpass POST within this window after a failure. */
+        private const val FAILURE_BACKOFF_MS = 60_000L
     }
 
     private var job: Job? = null
     private var lastFetchLat: Double? = null
     private var lastFetchLon: Double? = null
+    private var lastAttemptMs: Long = 0L
+    private var lastAttemptOk: Boolean = false
     private var cachedPoints: List<DeflockClient.AlprPoint> = emptyList()
 
     fun start(scope: CoroutineScope): Boolean {
@@ -55,17 +59,23 @@ class DeflockScanner(
         job = null
         lastFetchLat = null
         lastFetchLon = null
+        lastAttemptMs = 0L
+        lastAttemptOk = false
         cachedPoints = emptyList()
         Log.i(TAG, "DeflockScanner stopped")
     }
 
     private suspend fun handleFix(fix: Location) {
         if (shouldRefetch(fix)) {
+            // Mark the attempt before the network call so a concurrent location
+            // tick doesn't trigger a parallel re-fetch of the same area.
+            lastFetchLat = fix.latitude
+            lastFetchLon = fix.longitude
+            lastAttemptMs = System.currentTimeMillis()
             when (val result = client.fetchAround(fix.latitude, fix.longitude)) {
                 is DeflockClient.FetchResult.Success -> {
                     cachedPoints = result.points
-                    lastFetchLat = fix.latitude
-                    lastFetchLon = fix.longitude
+                    lastAttemptOk = true
                     SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.DEFLOCK, ok = true)
                     Log.i(
                         TAG,
@@ -74,6 +84,7 @@ class DeflockScanner(
                     )
                 }
                 is DeflockClient.FetchResult.Failed -> {
+                    lastAttemptOk = false
                     SourceHealth.record(
                         DetectionSource.DEFLOCK,
                         ok = false,
@@ -106,7 +117,9 @@ class DeflockScanner(
                     label = scored.label,
                     score = scored.score,
                     matchedMethods = scored.methods,
-                    rssi = null
+                    rssi = null,
+                    lat = p.lat,
+                    lon = p.lon
                 )
             )
         }
@@ -115,6 +128,12 @@ class DeflockScanner(
     private fun shouldRefetch(fix: Location): Boolean {
         val lat = lastFetchLat ?: return true
         val lon = lastFetchLon ?: return true
+        // After a failed attempt, hold off for FAILURE_BACKOFF_MS even if the
+        // user hasn't moved — avoids hammering Overpass when it's struggling.
+        if (!lastAttemptOk &&
+            System.currentTimeMillis() - lastAttemptMs < FAILURE_BACKOFF_MS) {
+            return false
+        }
         val out = FloatArray(1)
         Location.distanceBetween(lat, lon, fix.latitude, fix.longitude, out)
         return out[0] > REFETCH_THRESHOLD_M
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/WifiScanner.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/WifiScanner.kt
index ecf4ddc..456814b 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/WifiScanner.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/scan/WifiScanner.kt
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionEvent
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionSource
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionStore
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.RssiTracker
+import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.SourceHealth
 
 /**
  * WiFi scanner — BSSID OUI + SSID-pattern matching via [WifiManager.getScanResults].
@@ -86,15 +87,23 @@ class WifiScanner(
         if (running) return true
         if (!hasScanPermission()) {
             Log.w(TAG, "WiFi scan permission missing")
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.WIFI, ok = false, message = "Permission missing")
             return false
         }
         val mgr = wifiManager ?: run {
             Log.w(TAG, "WifiManager unavailable")
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.WIFI, ok = false, message = "WifiManager unavailable")
             return false
         }
         if (!mgr.isWifiEnabled) {
             Log.w(TAG, "WiFi disabled — scanner won't return results")
+            SourceHealth.record(
+                DetectionSource.WIFI, ok = false,
+                message = "WiFi disabled — enable in system settings"
+            )
             // We still register the receiver so results arrive when the user enables WiFi.
+        } else {
+            SourceHealth.record(DetectionSource.WIFI, ok = true)
         }
         registerReceiver()
         running = true
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/service/DetectionService.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/service/DetectionService.kt
index 4cde857..abf77ec 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/service/DetectionService.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/service/DetectionService.kt
@@ -9,6 +9,9 @@ import android.content.Intent
 import android.content.pm.ServiceInfo
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.IBinder
+import android.os.VibrationEffect
+import android.os.Vibrator
+import android.os.VibratorManager
 import android.util.Log
 import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
 import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleService
@@ -18,13 +21,16 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.StateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.asStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.combine
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.MainActivity
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.R
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.data.location.LocationProvider
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.data.settings.Settings
+import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionEvent
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.DetectionStore
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.SourceHealth
+import org.soulstone.overwatch.fusion.ThreatLevel
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.scan.BleScanner
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.scan.CitizenScanner
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.scan.DeflockClient
@@ -32,12 +38,18 @@ import org.soulstone.overwatch.scan.DeflockScanner
 import org.soulstone.overwatch.scan.WifiScanner
 
 /**
- * Foreground service that owns all scanners and the [DetectionStore].
+ * Foreground service that owns all four scanners (BLE, WiFi, DeFlock, Citizen)
+ * and the [DetectionStore]. UI observes companion-object state flows directly.
  *
- * Phase 1 wires only [BleScanner]; phases 2-4 will register WiFi, DeFlock, Waze.
+ * Responsibilities beyond scanner orchestration:
+ *  - Updates the foreground notification on every threat-tier change so a
+ *    locked-screen user sees escalations.
+ *  - Vibrates on upward tier transitions (gated by Settings.vibrateOnAlert).
+ *  - Resets [SourceHealth] on start/stop.
  *
- * The service is a singleton at runtime — UI binds to it (or observes the
- * companion-object state flows directly, which is what we do here for simplicity).
+ * Returns START_NOT_STICKY so a system-killed service does not auto-restart
+ * into a zombie state where the notification disappears but `_running` stays
+ * stale. The user explicitly starts and stops; auto-restart isn't needed.
  */
 class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
 
@@ -81,10 +93,13 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
     private lateinit var deflockScanner: DeflockScanner
     private lateinit var citizenScanner: CitizenScanner
     private var pruneJob: Job? = null
+    private var observerJob: Job? = null
     private var bleStarted = false
     private var wifiStarted = false
     private var deflockStarted = false
     private var citizenStarted = false
+    /** Last threat tier the notification displayed; tracks upward transitions for vibration. */
+    private var lastNotifiedTier: ThreatLevel = ThreatLevel.GREEN
 
     override fun onCreate() {
         super.onCreate()
@@ -112,13 +127,17 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
                 stopSelf()
             }
         }
-        return START_STICKY
+        return START_NOT_STICKY
     }
 
     private fun beginScanning() {
         if (_running.value) return
         SourceHealth.reset()
-        startInForeground()
+        lastNotifiedTier = ThreatLevel.GREEN
+        // Bring up the foreground notification BEFORE any scanner so we don't
+        // accidentally call startForeground after work has already begun.
+        startInForeground(ThreatLevel.GREEN, topEvent = null)
+
         if (settings.bleEnabled.value) {
             bleStarted = bleScanner.start()
             if (!bleStarted) Log.w(TAG, "BleScanner.start() returned false (permission/adapter)")
@@ -127,8 +146,7 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
             wifiStarted = wifiScanner.start(lifecycleScope)
             if (!wifiStarted) Log.w(TAG, "WifiScanner.start() returned false (permission/adapter)")
         }
-        val needsLocation = settings.deflockEnabled.value ||
-            settings.citizenEnabled.value
+        val needsLocation = settings.deflockEnabled.value || settings.citizenEnabled.value
         if (needsLocation) {
             val locOk = locationProvider.start()
             if (!locOk) {
@@ -142,6 +160,15 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        val anyStarted = bleStarted || wifiStarted || deflockStarted || citizenStarted
+        if (!anyStarted) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "No scanner started — endScanning + stopSelf")
+            endScanning()
+            stopSelf()
+            return
+        }
+
         _running.value = true
         pruneJob?.cancel()
         pruneJob = lifecycleScope.launch {
@@ -150,10 +177,23 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
                 store.pruneExpired()
             }
         }
+        observerJob?.cancel()
+        observerJob = lifecycleScope.launch {
+            // Watch threat tier + the top event together; rebuild the notification
+            // on either change. Vibrate only when the tier ratchets upward.
+            store.threatLevel.combine(store.events) { tier, events ->
+                tier to events.firstOrNull()
+            }.collect { (tier, top) ->
+                onTierChanged(tier, top)
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     private fun endScanning() {
-        if (!_running.value) return
+        if (!_running.value && !bleStarted && !wifiStarted && !deflockStarted && !citizenStarted) {
+            return
+        }
+        _running.value = false
         if (bleStarted) { bleScanner.stop(); bleStarted = false }
         if (wifiStarted) { wifiScanner.stop(); wifiStarted = false }
         if (deflockStarted) { deflockScanner.stop(); deflockStarted = false }
@@ -161,9 +201,9 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
         locationProvider.stop()
         store.clear()
         SourceHealth.reset()
-        pruneJob?.cancel()
-        pruneJob = null
-        _running.value = false
+        pruneJob?.cancel(); pruneJob = null
+        observerJob?.cancel(); observerJob = null
+        lastNotifiedTier = ThreatLevel.GREEN
         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) {
             stopForeground(STOP_FOREGROUND_REMOVE)
         } else {
@@ -182,12 +222,46 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
         return null
     }
 
-    private fun startInForeground() {
-        val notification = buildNotification()
+    private fun onTierChanged(tier: ThreatLevel, top: DetectionEvent?) {
+        // Re-issue the foreground notification with the current tier + top event
+        // so a locked-screen user sees the escalation even without opening the app.
+        val notification = buildNotification(tier, top)
+        val mgr = getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java) ?: return
+        mgr.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification)
+
+        if (tier.ordinal > lastNotifiedTier.ordinal && settings.vibrateOnAlert.value) {
+            vibrateForTier(tier)
+        }
+        lastNotifiedTier = tier
+    }
+
+    private fun vibrateForTier(tier: ThreatLevel) {
+        val v = currentVibrator() ?: return
+        val effect = when (tier) {
+            ThreatLevel.YELLOW -> VibrationEffect.createOneShot(120, VibrationEffect.DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE)
+            ThreatLevel.ORANGE -> VibrationEffect.createWaveform(longArrayOf(0, 180, 100, 180), -1)
+            ThreatLevel.RED -> VibrationEffect.createWaveform(
+                longArrayOf(0, 250, 120, 250, 120, 400), -1
+            )
+            ThreatLevel.GREEN -> return
+        }
+        try { v.vibrate(effect) } catch (e: Exception) { Log.w(TAG, "vibrate failed: ${e.message}") }
+    }
+
+    private fun currentVibrator(): Vibrator? =
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
+            (getSystemService(Context.VIBRATOR_MANAGER_SERVICE) as? VibratorManager)?.defaultVibrator
+        } else {
+            @Suppress("DEPRECATION")
+            getSystemService(Context.VIBRATOR_SERVICE) as? Vibrator
+        }
+
+    private fun startInForeground(tier: ThreatLevel, topEvent: DetectionEvent?) {
+        val notification = buildNotification(tier, topEvent)
         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE) {
-            // Android 14+ requires the runtime type to cover every capability
-            // the service uses. We declare both in the manifest; pass both here
-            // so location-using sources (DeFlock, Waze) keep working with the
+            // Android 14+ requires the runtime type to cover every capability the
+            // service uses. We declare both in the manifest; pass both here so
+            // location-using sources (DeFlock, Citizen) keep working with the
             // screen off.
             val type = ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_CONNECTED_DEVICE or
                 ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_LOCATION
@@ -197,7 +271,7 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
         }
     }
 
-    private fun buildNotification(): Notification {
+    private fun buildNotification(tier: ThreatLevel, topEvent: DetectionEvent?): Notification {
         val openIntent = Intent(this, MainActivity::class.java).apply {
             flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP or Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP
         }
@@ -205,14 +279,26 @@ class DetectionService : LifecycleService() {
             this, 0, openIntent,
             PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE or PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT
         )
+        val title = "OVERWATCH  •  ${tier.name}"
+        val text = topEvent?.let { "${it.score}  •  ${it.label}" }
+            ?: getString(R.string.notification_text)
+        // Higher importance for ORANGE/RED so the system surfaces it more
+        // aggressively (heads-up notification, etc.). The channel was created
+        // with LOW; on supported versions this priority is best-effort.
+        val priority = when (tier) {
+            ThreatLevel.RED -> NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_HIGH
+            ThreatLevel.ORANGE -> NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT
+            else -> NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW
+        }
         return NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
-            .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.notification_title))
-            .setContentText(getString(R.string.notification_text))
+            .setContentTitle(title)
+            .setContentText(text)
             .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_menu_view)
             .setOngoing(true)
             .setContentIntent(pi)
             .setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
-            .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW)
+            .setPriority(priority)
+            .setOnlyAlertOnce(false)
             .build()
     }
 
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/MainScreen.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/MainScreen.kt
index f17b1bd..d76d3e6 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/MainScreen.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/MainScreen.kt
@@ -19,8 +19,12 @@ import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
 import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.CircleShape
 import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import android.content.Intent
+import android.net.Uri
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
+import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Place
 import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Settings
+import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalContext
 import androidx.compose.material3.Button
 import androidx.compose.material3.ButtonDefaults
 import androidx.compose.material3.Card
@@ -36,8 +40,7 @@ import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.collectAsState
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
-import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
-import androidx.compose.runtime.rememberCoroutineScope
+import androidx.compose.runtime.saveable.rememberSaveable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
@@ -65,11 +68,12 @@ fun MainScreen(
     onStartStop: () -> Unit,
     onOpenSettings: () -> Unit,
     canStart: Boolean,
-    permissionMessage: String?
+    permissionMessage: String?,
+    showOpenAppSettings: Boolean = false,
+    onOpenAppSettings: () -> Unit = {}
 ) {
-    var showSheet by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
+    var showSheet by rememberSaveable { mutableStateOf(false) }
     val sheetState = rememberModalBottomSheetState(skipPartiallyExpanded = true)
-    val sheetScope = rememberCoroutineScope()
 
     Column(
         modifier = Modifier
@@ -159,6 +163,24 @@ fun MainScreen(
                     fontSize = 13.sp
                 )
             }
+            if (showOpenAppSettings) {
+                Spacer(Modifier.height(8.dp))
+                Button(
+                    onClick = onOpenAppSettings,
+                    colors = ButtonDefaults.buttonColors(
+                        containerColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant,
+                        contentColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurface
+                    ),
+                    shape = RoundedCornerShape(8.dp),
+                    modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth()
+                ) {
+                    Text(
+                        text = "Open app settings",
+                        fontSize = 14.sp,
+                        fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace
+                    )
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -186,12 +208,20 @@ fun MainScreen(
 
 @Composable
 private fun ThreatCircle(level: ThreatLevel, animating: Boolean, onTap: () -> Unit) {
-    val color = when (level) {
+    // When the scanner isn't running, deliberately use a muted color and IDLE
+    // text so the user can tell at a glance whether they're scanning. Without
+    // this, idle and "scanning, all clear" both render as solid green.
+    val idleColor = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.surfaceVariant
+    val activeColor = when (level) {
         ThreatLevel.GREEN -> ThreatColors.Green
         ThreatLevel.YELLOW -> ThreatColors.Yellow
         ThreatLevel.ORANGE -> ThreatColors.Orange
         ThreatLevel.RED -> ThreatColors.Red
     }
+    val color = if (animating) activeColor else idleColor
+    val labelText = if (animating) level.name else "IDLE"
+    val labelColor = if (animating) Color.White else MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant
+
     val transition = rememberInfiniteTransition(label = "pulse")
     val pulse by transition.animateFloat(
         initialValue = if (animating) 0.6f else 1.0f,
@@ -220,8 +250,8 @@ private fun ThreatCircle(level: ThreatLevel, animating: Boolean, onTap: () -> Un
         contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
     ) {
         Text(
-            text = level.name,
-            color = Color.White,
+            text = labelText,
+            color = labelColor,
             fontSize = 28.sp,
             fontWeight = FontWeight.Black,
             fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace
@@ -329,14 +359,7 @@ private fun SourceRow(source: DetectionSource, events: List<DetectionEvent>) {
                 )
             } else {
                 Spacer(Modifier.height(4.dp))
-                events.take(3).forEach { e ->
-                    Text(
-                        text = "${e.score}  •  ${e.label}  •  ${e.matchedMethods}",
-                        color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
-                        fontSize = 11.sp,
-                        fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace
-                    )
-                }
+                events.take(3).forEach { e -> EventRow(e) }
                 if (events.size > 3) {
                     Text(
                         text = "+${events.size - 3} more",
@@ -348,3 +371,40 @@ private fun SourceRow(source: DetectionSource, events: List<DetectionEvent>) {
         }
     }
 }
+
+@Composable
+private fun EventRow(e: DetectionEvent) {
+    val ctx = LocalContext.current
+    Row(
+        modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
+        verticalAlignment = Alignment.CenterVertically,
+        horizontalArrangement = Arrangement.SpaceBetween
+    ) {
+        Text(
+            text = "${e.score}  •  ${e.label}  •  ${e.matchedMethods}",
+            color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+            fontSize = 11.sp,
+            fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace,
+            modifier = Modifier.weight(1f, fill = true)
+        )
+        if (e.hasGeo) {
+            IconButton(
+                onClick = {
+                    val uri = Uri.parse("geo:${e.lat},${e.lon}?q=${e.lat},${e.lon}(${Uri.encode(e.label)})")
+                    val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
+                    if (intent.resolveActivity(ctx.packageManager) != null) {
+                        ctx.startActivity(intent)
+                    }
+                },
+                modifier = Modifier.size(28.dp)
+            ) {
+                Icon(
+                    Icons.Filled.Place,
+                    contentDescription = "Open in Maps",
+                    tint = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
+                    modifier = Modifier.size(18.dp)
+                )
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/SettingsScreen.kt b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/SettingsScreen.kt
index 4f9f827..0556c79 100644
--- a/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/SettingsScreen.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/kotlin/org/soulstone/overwatch/ui/SettingsScreen.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ import androidx.compose.material3.Text
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.collectAsState
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableFloatStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
+import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
 import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontFamily
@@ -49,6 +52,7 @@ fun SettingsScreen(
     val deflockProx by settings.deflockProximityM.collectAsState()
     val citizenProx by settings.citizenProximityM.collectAsState()
     val theme by settings.themeMode.collectAsState()
+    val vibrate by settings.vibrateOnAlert.collectAsState()
 
     Column(
         modifier = Modifier
@@ -107,21 +111,23 @@ fun SettingsScreen(
         SectionLabel("Proximity thresholds")
         SliderRow(
             label = "DeFlock alert distance",
-            valueLabel = "${deflockProx} m",
-            value = deflockProx.toFloat(),
+            persistedValue = deflockProx,
             range = 50f..1600f,
             steps = 30,
-            onChange = { settings.setDeflockProximityM(it.toInt()) }
+            onCommit = { settings.setDeflockProximityM(it) }
         )
         SliderRow(
             label = "Citizen alert distance",
-            valueLabel = "${citizenProx} m",
-            value = citizenProx.toFloat(),
+            persistedValue = citizenProx,
             range = 100f..5000f,
             steps = 48,
-            onChange = { settings.setCitizenProximityM(it.toInt()) }
+            onCommit = { settings.setCitizenProximityM(it) }
         )
 
+        Spacer(Modifier.height(16.dp))
+        SectionLabel("Alerts")
+        SourceToggle("Vibrate on threat escalation", vibrate) { settings.setVibrateOnAlert(it) }
+
         Spacer(Modifier.height(16.dp))
         SectionLabel("Appearance")
         ThemeRadio("System default", theme == Settings.ThemeMode.SYSTEM) {
@@ -169,15 +175,20 @@ private fun SourceToggle(label: String, value: Boolean, onChange: (Boolean) -> U
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Slider that commits the value to Settings only on drag-release. The label
+ * tracks the live drag position locally to avoid spamming SharedPreferences
+ * writes (and downstream StateFlow re-emissions) on every pixel of movement.
+ */
 @Composable
 private fun SliderRow(
     label: String,
-    valueLabel: String,
-    value: Float,
+    persistedValue: Int,
     range: ClosedFloatingPointRange<Float>,
     steps: Int,
-    onChange: (Float) -> Unit
+    onCommit: (Int) -> Unit
 ) {
+    var live by remember(persistedValue) { mutableFloatStateOf(persistedValue.toFloat()) }
     Column(modifier = Modifier.padding(vertical = 4.dp)) {
         Row(
             modifier = Modifier.fillMaxWidth(),
@@ -190,15 +201,16 @@ private fun SliderRow(
                 fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace
             )
             Text(
-                text = valueLabel,
+                text = "${live.toInt()} m",
                 color = MaterialTheme.colorScheme.onSurfaceVariant,
                 fontSize = 13.sp,
                 fontFamily = FontFamily.Monospace
             )
         }
         Slider(
-            value = value,
-            onValueChange = onChange,
+            value = live,
+            onValueChange = { live = it },
+            onValueChangeFinished = { onCommit(live.toInt()) },
             valueRange = range,
             steps = steps
         )