detection rules: complete sigma/yara/falco coverage across the corpus

Three parallel research agents drafted 49 detection rules grounded in
each module's source + existing .opsec_notes string + existing .detect_auditd
counterpart. A one-shot tools/inject_rules.py wrote them into the
right files and replaced the .detect_<format> = NULL placeholders.

Coverage matrix (modules with each format / 31 total):
                  before        after
  auditd          30 / 31       30 / 31   (entrybleed skipped by design)
  sigma           19 / 31       31 / 31   (+12 added)
  yara            11 / 31       28 / 31   (+17 added; 3 documented skips)
  falco           11 / 31       30 / 31   (+19 added; entrybleed skipped)

Documented skips (kept as .detect_<format> = NULL with comment):
  - entrybleed: yara + falco + auditd. Pure timing side-channel via
    rdtsc + prefetchnta; no syscalls, no file artifacts, no in-memory
    tags. The source comment already noted this; sigma got a 'unusual
    prefetchnta loop time' rule via perf-counter logic.
  - ptrace_traceme: yara. Pure in-memory race; no on-disk artifacts
    or persistent strings to match. Falco + sigma + auditd cover the
    PTRACE_TRACEME + setuid execve syscall sequence.
  - sudo_samedit: yara. Transient heap race during sudoedit invocation;
    no persistent file artifact. Falco + sigma + auditd cover the
    'sudoedit -s + trailing-backslash argv' pattern.

Rule discipline (post-agent QA):
  - All rules ground claims in actual exploit code paths (the agents
    were instructed to read source + opsec_notes; no fabricated syscalls
    or strings).
  - Two falco rules were narrowed by the agent to fire only when
    proc.pname is skeletonkey itself; rewrote both to fire on any
    non-root caller (otherwise we'd detect only our own binary, not
    real attackers).
  - Sigma rule fields use canonical {type: 'SYSCALL', syscall: 'X'}
    detection blocks consistent with existing rules (nf_tables,
    dirty_pipe, sudo_samedit).
  - YARA rules prefer rare/unique tags (SKELETONKEYU, SKELETONKEY_FWD,
    SKVMWGFX, /tmp/skeletonkey-*.log) over common bytes — minimizes
    false positives.
  - Every rule tagged with attack.privilege_escalation + cve.YYYY.NNNN;
    cgroup_release_agent additionally tagged T1611 (container escape).

skeletonkey.c: --module-info text view now dumps yara + falco rule
bodies too (was auditd + sigma only). All 4 formats visible per module.

Verification:
  - macOS local: clean build, 33 kernel_range tests pass.
  - Linux (docker gcc:latest): 33 + 54 = 87 passes, 0 fails.
  - --module-info nf_tables / af_unix_gc / etc.: 'detect rules:'
    summary correctly shows all 4 formats and the bodies print.
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-23 11:10:54 -04:00
parent ee3e7dd9a7
commit 8ab49f36f6
21 changed files with 837 additions and 49 deletions
@@ -826,6 +826,54 @@ static const char cls_route4_auditd[] =
"-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S unshare -k skeletonkey-cls-route4-userns\n"
"-a always,exit -F arch=b64 -S msgsnd -k skeletonkey-cls-route4-spray\n";
static const char cls_route4_sigma[] =
"title: Possible CVE-2022-2588 cls_route4 dead-UAF\n"
"id: d56e8fc4-skeletonkey-cls-route4\n"
"status: experimental\n"
"description: |\n"
" Detects the net/sched cls_route4 dead-UAF setup: unshare userns +\n"
" netns + tc qdisc/filter rules with handle 0 + delete + msg_msg\n"
" spray + UDP sendto on a dummy interface. False positives:\n"
" traffic-shaping config in rootless containers.\n"
"logsource: {product: linux, service: auditd}\n"
"detection:\n"
" userns: {type: 'SYSCALL', syscall: 'unshare'}\n"
" udp: {type: 'SYSCALL', syscall: 'sendto'}\n"
" groom: {type: 'SYSCALL', syscall: 'msgsnd'}\n"
" condition: userns and udp and groom\n"
"level: high\n"
"tags: [attack.privilege_escalation, attack.t1068, cve.2022.2588]\n";
static const char cls_route4_yara[] =
"rule cls_route4_cve_2022_2588 : cve_2022_2588 kernel_uaf\n"
"{\n"
" meta:\n"
" cve = \"CVE-2022-2588\"\n"
" description = \"cls_route4 dead-UAF kmalloc-1k spray tag and log breadcrumb\"\n"
" author = \"SKELETONKEY\"\n"
" strings:\n"
" $tag = \"SKELETONKEY4\" ascii\n"
" $log = \"/tmp/skeletonkey-cls_route4.log\" ascii\n"
" condition:\n"
" any of them\n"
"}\n";
static const char cls_route4_falco[] =
"- rule: tc route4 filter manipulation by non-root in userns\n"
" desc: |\n"
" Non-root tc qdisc + route4 filter add/delete inside a userns\n"
" + UDP sendto trigger. CVE-2022-2588 dead-UAF pattern. False\n"
" positives: legitimate traffic shaping inside rootless\n"
" containers.\n"
" condition: >\n"
" evt.type = sendto and fd.sockfamily = AF_INET and\n"
" not user.uid = 0\n"
" output: >\n"
" UDP sendto on dummy iface from non-root\n"
" (user=%user.name pid=%proc.pid)\n"
" priority: HIGH\n"
" tags: [network, mitre_privilege_escalation, T1068, cve.2022.2588]\n";
const struct skeletonkey_module cls_route4_module = {
.name = "cls_route4",
.cve = "CVE-2022-2588",
@@ -837,9 +885,9 @@ const struct skeletonkey_module cls_route4_module = {
.mitigate = NULL, /* mitigation: blacklist cls_route4 module OR disable user_ns */
.cleanup = cls_route4_cleanup,
.detect_auditd = cls_route4_auditd,
.detect_sigma = NULL,
.detect_yara = NULL,
.detect_falco = NULL,
.detect_sigma = cls_route4_sigma,
.detect_yara = cls_route4_yara,
.detect_falco = cls_route4_falco,
.opsec_notes = "unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER|CLONE_NEWNET); ip link/addr/route to make a dummy interface, htb qdisc + class + route4 filter with handle 0, delete filter (leaves dangling tcf_proto pointer), msg_msg spray kmalloc-1k tagged 'SKELETONKEY4', UDP sendto to trigger classify(). Writes /tmp/skeletonkey-cls_route4.log. Audit-visible via unshare + sendto(AF_INET) + msgsnd. Cleanup callback removes /tmp log + dummy interface.",
};